Order Sheet

IN THE HIGH COURT OF SINDH, KARACHI

M.A. No.101 of 2025

[ Faisal Awan v. Sabiha Khanum]

 

 

Appellant:                             Through Mr. S.M. Kamran, Advocate.    

 

Date of Hearing & order:    26.08.2025

 

 

O R D E R

 

ARSHAD HUSSAIN KHAN, J.      The Appellant, through the instant Miscellaneous Appeal, has challenged the order dated 30.05.2025 passed by the learned Vth Additional Sessions Judge/MCTC, Karachi-East in Suit No. 20 of 2025, whereby the suit for defamation was dismissed in limine on the ground of maintainability, by invoking the provisions of Order VII, Rule 11 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908.

 

2.         Brief facts of the case are that the appellant, Faisal Awan had earlier instituted Civil Suit No. 2130 of 2024 seeking declaration of a benami transaction and permanent injunction in respect of properties left by his deceased father, against defendant No.1, who is his real mother. In the said proceedings, respondent/defendant No.1 filed a written statement wherein she alleged that “the plaintiff is disobedient and never resided with her after the death of his father.” According to the appellant, the said assertion is false and has subjected him to emotional distress, unwarranted public humiliation, and social hatred. On this basis, the appellant instituted Suit No. 20 of 2025 under Section 3 of the Defamation Ordinance, 2002. The learned trial court, however, dismissed the suit as not maintainable through the impugned order, which is now under challenge in the present Miscellaneous Appeal.

3.         Learned counsel for the petitioner contends that the impugned order is devoid of substance and lawful authority, being the result of misreading and non-reading of the material available on record. He submits that the observation of the learned Trial Court to the effect that “the plaintiff has not even annexed a single proof that owing to such statement he has been defamed” is contrary to the pleadings in the plaint as well as the supporting material already on record. Counsel further argues that the learned Trial Court proceeded in a haphazard manner and failed to properly appreciate the real facts and circumstances of the case. He, therefore, prays that the instant Miscellaneous Appeal be allowed in the terms as prayed for 

4.         Heard learned counsel for the appellant and perused the record carefully.

5.         Before going into discussion, it would be conducive to reproduce the relevant portions of the impugned order hereunder:

“In view of above provisions and elements, in order to constitute defamation under Defamation Ordinance 2002, allegations leveled against a plaintiff should be false, baseless and unfounded; the wording used and allegations leveled against a plaintiff should on the face of it be defamatory and derogatory in nature, and such allegations should have been published in widely circulated newspaper or spoken in large gathering and said publications made or wording used should have been with malice without any reasonable excuse and justification. Perusal of alleged defamatory statement highlighted supra shows that such statement is mentioned in written statement filed in Civil Suit No.2130/2024 and plaintiff has not even annexed a single proof that owing to such statement he has been defamed, further I am of the considered view that such statement which the plaintiff is terming to be defamatory is neither derogatory in nature nor caused with malice or without any reasonable cause and justification rather such statement is ones opinion with respect to her own son which was given by the defendant in the written statement filed in reply of supra Civil Suit No.2130/2024 wherein the plaintiff claiming that the defendant is Benami owner of suit property mentioned therein. It is a matter of record that alleged defamatory statement is made in written statement of Civil Suit No.2130/2024 and in this regard I am of the humble view that all pleadings delivered or affidavit sworn in the course of judicial proceedings before a Court of competent jurisdiction are privileged, hence it cannot be qualified as defamatory statement. Another significant aspect is to be considered here that article 19 of the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan 1973, provides freedom of speech and such right being fundamental right cannot be curtailed and this court is also not oblivious with the fact that article 14 of the same constitution provides dignity of a man, subject to law, the privacy of home is inviolable but in the context and in relation to both articles coupled with section 3 of defamation Ordinance 2003, I am of the view that alleged defamatory statement is not qualified to be a defamatory statement as false statement or representation which injures the reputation of plaintiff, tends to lower him in the estimation of others.

Duty of the court is firstly to decide the maintainability of the suit as per law and if the suit is not maintainable then the proceeding of the suit shall be rest at infinitum as such like cases should be buried at its inception so that no time would be consumed on fruitless litigation. Defamation Ordinance 2002, although did not contain any provision regarding summary dismissal/rejection of plaint, but section 10 of the Ordinance provided that C.P.C and Qanoon-e-Shahadat Order, 1984 would mutatis mutandis apply to the proceedings under the Defamation Ordinance 2002. I am of the considered view that this Court by applying provisions of Order VII Rule 11 CPC at any time can reject the plaint and said provisions could be invoked without waiting an application from the defendant's side.

Hence for the forgoing reasons the instant Suit for Defamation is not maintainable as no cause of action has accrued to the plaintiff and I hereby dismiss the same In-limine with no order as to cost.”

 

            The aforesaid findings of the learned Trial Court comprehensively address all aspects necessary for adjudicating a case of defamation, including the present matter. I find no misreading or non-reading of the material placed before it. Even otherwise, learned counsel for the appellant has failed to point out any illegality, material irregularity, or infirmity in the impugned order.

6.         Perusal of the record reveals that the learned Trial Court duly examined the material available on record and, after hearing learned counsel for the appellant/plaintiff, dismissed the suit under Order VII, Rule 11 CPC. The decision was rendered through a detailed, well-reasoned, and speaking order, reflecting a judicious and careful application of the relevant law.

7.         It is also a well-settled principle of law that an incompetent suit should be laid to rest at the earliest possible stage, so as to avoid wastage of judicial time on proceedings that are bound to collapse, being not sanctioned by law. It may further be observed that in the adjudication of judicial controversies, a suit which, on the face of it is incompetent, not due to any formal, technical, or curable defect, but by reason of an express or implied embargo under the law, ought not to be allowed to unnecessarily encumber the legal proceedings[1].

8.         In light of the foregoing, I am of the considered view that the learned Trial Court rightly dismissed the suit of the appellant/plaintiff as not maintainable. The alleged statement of the defendant/respondent, incorporated in the written statement filed in Suit No. 2130/2024 for Declaration of Benami Transaction initiated by the appellant, cannot be construed as defamatory or derogatory in nature. It does not fall within the ambit of Section 3 of the Defamation Ordinance, 2002. Accordingly, the instant Miscellaneous Appeal, being devoid of merit, is dismissed in limine alongwith pending applications.                                      

JUDGE



[1] Ilyas Ahmed v. Muhammad Munir and 10 others [PLD 2012 Sindh 92].